重庆地区老年人群代谢综合征及相关因素的流行病学调查

Epidemiological study on the metabolic syndrome and related factors in the elderly of Chongqing area

目的:对重庆市社区60岁以上老年人代谢综合征及相关疾病的患病情况进行基线调查,以期为该地区老年人代谢综合征及相关疾病的预防和控制提供流行病学数据。方法:采用随机整群分层抽样的方法对重庆地区60岁及以上人群进行横断面流行病学调查,所有调查对象均进行75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验,测量人体测量学指标,测定血脂、胰岛素等。结果:重庆地区老年人糖尿病、糖调节受损、高血压、脂代谢紊乱、超重/肥胖和代谢综合征的患病率分别为15.86%,26.71%,50.92%,52.42%,36.55%和25.16%。女性高三酰甘油血症、高胆固醇血症和高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症的患病率高于男性(χ2=16.365,P<0.01;χ2=36.792,P<0.01;χ2=4.068,P<0.05)。≥70岁人群高血压、糖尿病的患病率高于70岁以下人群(男:χ2=11.023,8.260,P<0.01,女:χ2=8.288,P<0.01,χ2=4.459,P<0.05)。84.50%的老年人合并不同程度的代谢紊乱,25.64%,27.13%和31.73%的老年人合并1种,2种或3种及以上的代谢紊乱。结论:重庆地区老年人代谢综合征及相关疾病的患病率高,需采取积极的一二级康复干预措施。

AIM: To estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the related diseases among the elderly people over 60 years old in Chongqing communities by means of base line survey, so as to provide epidemiological data for the prevention and control of metabolic syndrome and the related diseases of the elderly people in this area. METHODS: A cross sectional epidemiological survey by means of random stratified sampling method was applied in people aged above 60 years old in Chongqing area. The 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted to all the subjects, somatometric parameters, blood lipid and insulin were assayed.RESULTS: The prevalence rates of diabetes, impaired glucose regulation, hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome were 15.86% , 26.71% , 50.92% , 52.42% , 36.55% and 25.16% respectively. The prevalence rates of hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and higher low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C) were higher in females than in males (χ 2=16.365, P< 0.01;χ 2=36.792, P< 0.01;χ 2=4.068, P< 0.05). The prevalence rates of hypertension and diabetes were higher in people ≥ 70 years old than in those < 70 years old (males:χ 2=11.023, 8.260,P< 0.01;females:χ 2= 8.288,P< 0.01,χ 2 =4.459, P< 0.05).About 84.50% of the elderly people had one or more metabolic disorders, 25.64% ,27.13% and 31.73% individuals had one, two,three or more kinds of metabolic disorders. CONCLUSION: High prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the related diseases are observed among the elderly people in Chongqing area, so active first and second degree rehabilitative interventions should be adopted.