论无权处分与善意取得制度之冲突与协调

On Conflicts and Coordination between the Unauthorized Disposition and the Innocent Purchase

承认善意取得制度是现代国家的立法通例,而无处分权的人处分他人财物(无权处分行为)与善意取得实际上是一个问题的两个方面,两者在立法上、在效力的厘定上是不可分割的。可以说,无权处分行为是动态的一面,而善意取得是通过无权处分行为完成的,是无权处分的可能法律后果之一,是静态的一面。无权处分与善意取得横跨物权与债权两大领域,二者的协调自然会涉及整个民事法律制度体系化的问题。从交易的整个宏观层面上来讲,在债权法中,我国对无权处分行为与善意取得制度之规定应是统一于交易安全原则之中;而于物权法中,公示公信原则应是协调二者的角量器。

Most of the modern countries accept the system of the innocent purchase as a general rule in legislation. In fact, the unauthorized disposition and the innocent purchase are just two aspects of the same question. As far as in legislation and in force are concerned, they are inseparable from each other and the legal effects of the two are linked together closely. We can say, it is the dynamic side of the unauthorized disposition and the static side of the innocent purchase. The lawful effect of the innocent purchase comes from and is one of the possible lawful effects of the unauthorized disposition. They stretch over two domains: real right law and obligation law. How to coordinate the unauthorized disposition and the innocent purchase will greatly influence the whole civil legal system. So, in term of whole macroscopical aspect of the trade, they shall be unified into the principle of trade security in the obligation law; the principle of public confidence shall play a major role in the domain of real right law to coordinate the both sides.