我国建筑耗能状况及有效的节能途径

Current building energy consumption in China and effective energy efficiency measures

简要分析了我国建筑能源消耗状况,从用能特点出发,对建筑物和建筑用能途径进行了新的分类,给出各类的现状、问题和节能潜力。在此基础上列出为实现建筑节能所需要的主要技术与产品研究领域和政策研究与保障机制。文中列出的关键技术研究为:基于模拟分析的建筑节能优化设计;新型建筑围护结构材料与部品;通风装置与排风热回收装置;热泵技术;降低输配系统能源消耗的技术;集中空调的温度湿度独立控制技术;建筑自动化系统的节能优化控制;楼宇式燃气驱动的热电冷三联供技术;燃煤燃气联合供热和末端调峰技术;节能灯、节能灯具与控制。有关政策与保障机制的研究问题为:建筑能耗数据的统计系统;住宅能耗标识方法与保障机制;大型公共建筑能耗评估与用能配额制;各种建筑用能装置的能耗标识标准与方法。

Outlines current situation of building energy consumption in China. Makes new classification of buildings based on the energy performance. Points out the energy consumption features and the potentials of energy saving for each type of buildings. According to the potential savings, presents the key technologies to achieve these savings, including energy optimization in building design process, new technologies in building fabrics, ventilators and exhaust heat recovers, heat pumps, technologies to reduce energy consumption in distribution systems, temperature and humidity independent control system, energy saving optimizing control of building automatic systems, building combined power, heating & cooling system (BCHP), new type of configuration of district heating system as well as high efficiency lightings. Policies are also important to ensure these technologies to be accepted widely. Relative studies for policy making and for policy operation should also be carried on. Lists four projects, including building energy consumption model and the data collection system, energy label system for residential buildings, energy estimation for commercial buildings, and energy label system for home appliances.