乙型肝炎病毒阳性父-婴垂直传播的临床研究

Study of Hepatitis B Virus Vertical Transmission from Father to Infant

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒阳性父婴垂直传播的关系。方法采用血清酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)筛选出母亲HBsAg阴性、父亲HBsAg阳性85例(A组)作为研究对象,以及母亲HBsAg阳性、父亲HBsAg阴性132例(B组)作为对照组;并用ELISA和荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQPCR)技术检测两组新生儿的血清HBsAg和HBVDNA。结果两组的新生儿血清HBsAg检出率比较,差异无显著性(χ2=1.23,P>0.05);两组的新生儿血清HBVDNA检出率比较,差异无显著性,(χ2=0.56,P>0.05)。A组中父亲是大三阳的新生儿血清HBsAg和HBVDNA的检出率高,差异有显著性(χ2=6.41,P<0.05);A组新生儿血清HBVDNA的总检出率比血清HBsAg的总检出率高,差异有显著性(χ2=5.83,P<0.05)。结论乙型肝炎病毒阳性父亲可以垂直传播给新生儿引起宫内感染,大三阳父亲更容易发生父婴垂直传播。

Objective:To investigate the possibility of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV) from father to infant.Methods:Group A had 85 pregnant women with negative HBsAg, whose husbands had positive HBsAg detected by ELISA. Group B served as the comparative group which had 132 pregnant women with positive HBsAg whose husbands have negative HBsAg .The new-born infants were tested for HBsAg and HBV-DNA with ELISA and Fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR). Results: There was no significant difference in the HBsAg and HBV-DNA positive rate in the new-born infants' serum.(χ2=1.23,P >0.05; χ2=0.56,P >0.05) between the two groups. In group A, the infants were more likely to have positive HBsAg and HBV-DNA if their father had positive HBsAg, HBeAg and HBcAb at the same time.(χ2=6.41,P<0.05). In group A, the general rate of positive HBV-DNA was higher than that of HBsAg.(χ2=5.83,P <0.05).Conclusions: Fathers carrying HBV can transmit the virus to newborn infants, causing intrauterine fetal infection. Fathers with positive HBsAg, HBeAg and HBcAb at the same time had higher vertical transmission rate.