4074例儿童尸体解剖资料分析

Autopsy study of 4074 pediatric cases

对广州市儿童医院１９５８年５月～１９９２年１２月间的４０７４例儿童尸体解剖（简称尸检）资料进行分析，其结果表明：总的尸检率为２３．９％。尸检率以１９６５年以前为高，１９６６～１９７６年间低。１９７７年以后尸检率逐步回升，１９９２年达到４８．１％。总的临床误诊率为２２％。１９６９年以前的误诊率低于１９７０年以后，８０年代误诊率又高于７０年代。三个不同时期的误诊率分别为１５．３％、２５％及２５．８％。影响误诊率的因素为：（１）法定传染病发病率降低；（２）疾病的种类增多。因此，那种依靠近代先进仪器和设备进行诊断就能使诊断率提高至废弃尸检的观点是错误的。尸检仍是检验临床诊断的关键手段。

074 pediatric autopsies were performed in the Pathology Department of Guangzhou Children's Hospital from 1958 to 1992. The autopsy rate was 23.9%。 However, the autopsy rate from 1958 to 1965 was higher(38.90%) than that for 1966 to 1976(13.20%). Since 1977,the autopsy rate increased to 24.80% but still lower than the period between 1959 to 1965.Based upon the pathologic diagnosis,incorrect antemortem diagnosis was found in 22% of cases.It is of interest to note that the pereentage of incorrect diagnosis was lower during the 1958- 1969 period than the 1970- 1992 period(15.30% and 25% and 25.8% respectively).This suggests that adoption of advanced diagnostic technique have not diminished the role of postmortem examination to confirm or correct clinical diagnosis.