莲花湖库区几种主要林型枯落物层的持水性能

Water-holding capacity of litter layer for various major forest types in Lianhua Lake reservoir area

研究莲花湖库区红松林、兴安落叶松林、杂木林等几种主要林型和荒草地枯落物储量及其持水特征,结果表明:兴安落叶松林、红松林、杂木林和荒草地枯落物储量分别为20.8、23.9、16.4和5.7t/hm2,以针叶林的枯落物储量最高。兴安落叶松林、红松林、杂木林和荒草地枯落物层最大持水率分别为278.2%、295.3%、260.3%和154.8%。各林型枯落物吸水速度在0.25～3h变化最快,24h达到饱和状态。枯落物持水速度与浸水历时之间呈显著幂函数相关关系。兴安落叶松林、红松林、杂木林和荒草地枯落物对降雨有效拦蓄率依次为53.87%、65.95%、54.50%和53.45%,对降雨有效拦蓄量变化依次为31.20、45.97、23.27和2.94t/hm2。莲花湖库区不同植被类型下枯落物持水能力为红松林最好,荒草地最差。

The litter amount and water-holding characteristic of litter layers have been studied in this paper for various major forest types (Pinus koraiensis, Larix gmelinii, and weed trees) and waste grassland in Lianhua Lake reservoir area. The results indicate that the litter amount of Larix gmelinii plantations, Pinus koraiensis plantations, weed trees and waste grassland is 20.8, 23.9, 16.4, 5.7?t/hm^2, respectively, in which amount of coniferous forest is the largest. Their maximum water retention rates of litter layers are 278.2%, 295.3%, 260.3%, 154.8%, respectively. The general water absorption speed varies most rapidly in 3 hours after soaked in water, reaching saturated state in about 24 hours. The water-holding speed performs remarkable power function correlation with the soaked time. Their available interception rates are 53.87%, 65.95%, 54.50%, 53.45%, respectively. Their available interception amount variation is 31.20, 45.97, 23.27, 2.94?t/hm^2, respectively. The result shows that the litter layers of Pinus koraiensis have the best water-holding capacity and the waste grassland has the worst in different vegetations in Lianhua Lake reservoir area.