胰岛β细胞功能评估——从基础到临床

Assessment of islet β-cell function: from basic research to clinical practice

胰岛β细胞胰岛素分泌缺陷和(或)靶组织对胰岛素敏感性降低是致糖尿病的重要病理生理机制。检测及评价胰岛β细胞功能的方法主要分为胰岛素脉冲式分泌、葡萄糖刺激、非糖物质刺激的胰岛素分泌(包括时相、峰值、分泌持续的时间)以及β细胞分泌其他物质的功能。在选择合适的β细胞功能评估方法时,要综合考虑不同的检测方法在糖尿病自然病程中检出β细胞功能异常的敏感性,特异性以及评估的目的。

The deficiency in islet β-cell secretion and (or) the decrease in insulin sensitivity of target tissue are the important pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetes. The methods for the assessment and evaluation of β-cell function can be divided into: pulsatile insulin secretion, glucose secretagogues, non-glucose secretagogues (phase, peak value and duration) and other secretions. While the suitable method was chosen for the evaluation of β-cell function, the sensitivity and specificity of different methods in the natural history of diabetes and the objective of evaluation should be all taken into account.