山东省兖州市采煤区地面塌陷的原因及其对策

The Reasons and Control Policies on Surface Collapse of Coal Field in Yanzhou City,Shandong Province

采煤区地面塌陷是由于地下煤层大面积采空引起上覆岩层失去支撑而变形崩落最后导致地面沉降一种危害很大的地质灾害。至2002年9月,该地区地面塌陷的面积达23.901km2。随着开采规模的不断扩大,该地区的塌陷面积将会进一步扩张。在详细调查的基础上简要分析了地下大面积采空后岩土内部破坏机制和地面变形规律。针对兖州矿区的具体塌陷状况提出了改进采煤方式、对塌陷土地进行恢复和复垦等几点防治措施。

<Abstrcat>Surface collapse of coal field is one kind of geological disaster with great hazard,which may result from distortion and breakout of overlying strata that lose their support after underground coal beds are excavated in a large area.The total collapsing area of coal field in Yanzhou city had accumulated to 23.901 km^2 by September,2002.It can be expected to further enlarge the collapsing area in this region with successive exploitation.The interior failure mechanism of rock strata developing from large-scale excavation and the rules of land surface deformation are analyzed on the base of careful investigation.An improved mode of coal cutting is recommended aiming at the specifical status of surface collapse of coal field in Yanzhou city,and several control policies on restoration and reclamation of collapsing land are also put forward.