大花蕙兰‘黄金小神童’花期研究初探

Preliminary Study on the Florescence of Cymbidium Golden Elf ‘Sundust’

通过2000～2003年每月对大花蕙兰黄金小神童从新出叶芽到开花进行跟踪调查,初步掌握了黄金小神童不同时期长出的叶芽长成成熟株后的开花规律。调查结果表明:黄金小神童全年均有新的叶芽和花芽长出,新叶芽长出后经过6～10个月的生长发育成为具有6～8片叶的成熟植株,花芽长出后约1个月发育成具有6～9个花蕾的花葶。叶芽从长出到出花芽约需5～11个月,而7～9个月龄的开花率最高。8～9月份长出的叶芽成株后出花率最高,约占全年花芽数的一半,其余各月差异不大。各月出花率不同,4～7月份为出花芽的高峰期,在两年试验中,分别占全年花芽数的72.83%和78.56%;12月份到次年1月长出的花芽最少,分别只占全年花芽数的4.11%和5.03%。其余月份长出的新叶芽的生长情况和出花芽率处于中间类型。通过此试验为黄金小神童的花期调控提供依据,留取可能在预定时期开花的叶芽,控制其他时期的叶芽,达到调节花期的目的。

A detailed observation on the florescence of Cymbidium Golden Elf‘Sundust’ was done during 2000-2003 in order to find the rules of florescence and leaf buds growth in different time. The preliminary results showed: (1)The buds of leaf and flower appeared throughout the year, it took 6-10 months for leaf buds to develop into mature individual with 6-8 leaves. And flower buds developed into scape with 6-9 flowers one month later. (2) Florescence rate relates with plant mature degree, and it took 5-11 months for leaf buds to develop into floral buds. The burgeoning rate was the highest when the plant grew about 7-9 months. (3) Growth time of leaf buds relates with the burgeoning floral bud rate, and the burgeoning rate was the highest after the leaf buds developing into mature plant during 8-9 months(almost half of a year). (4) Florescence rate was different every month. The fastigium was from April to July (72.83% and 78.56% in 2001 and 2002), and the least time was from December to January of the next year (4.11% and 5.03%). It was suggested that we would leave the leaf buds in anticipative time to control the growth of other leaf buds to modulate the florescence of the plants.