团体心理辅导对大学生人际交往焦虑的影响

Effect of Group Psychological Guidance on Interaction Anxiety of College Students.

目的探索团体心理辅导降低大学生人际交往焦虑程度的影响效果。方法随机选取大学生92人,分成实验组和对照组,实验组44人,分成4个小组进行团体心理辅导,对照组48人接受心理卫生知识讲座,用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、交往焦虑量表(IAS)、羞怯量表(ShynessScale)、交流恐惧自陈量表(PRCA-24)4个量表进行前后测,运用协方差分析对比实验效果。结果27.2%的大学生被试处于高交往焦虑,18.5%的被试非常羞怯,14.1%存在高度交流恐惧,最困扰大学生的主要是小组讨论、会议交流和2人交谈。接受团体心理辅导之后,实验组被试IAS分、ShyS、PRCA总分较对照组均有显著下降,其中小组讨论恐惧、会议交流恐惧也显著下降,另女生EPQ-E分数较实验前明显上升。但本实验中,2人交谈恐惧和公开演讲恐惧方面没有显著改善。结论团体心理辅导比心理卫生讲座更能有效地降低大学生交往焦虑和羞怯感,是深入开展大学生心理健康教育的可推广方式之一。

Objective To study the effects of group psychological guidance on interaction anxiety and communication apprehension of college students. Methods 92 college students were randomly divided into intervention group which was randomly divided into four group (10-12 person per small group) received group psychological counseling ( n=44) and control group which receive psychology lecture(n=48). EPQ、IAS、Shying Scale and PRCA-24 four scale were used before and after the intervention. Results 27.2% participant have high level interaction anxiety, 18.5% have high shying score,14.1% have high level communication apprehension. After intervention, EPQ-E of intervention group’s female were significant igher than before . To compare between two group , after the intervention, the change of the total score of IAS、ShyS、PRCA of intervention group were significant lower than control group. the factors of the group and the conference communication apprehension were significant lower too, but two person and public speech communication apprehension was not changed significant. Conclusion The group psychological guidance is a good and important way to lower students’ interaction anxiety and communication apprehension.