行政法上特别权力关系理论之历史沿革

Evolution of Privilege Relation Theory in Administrative Law

传统的特别权力关系理论虽然对实现行政管理目的、维持行政秩序有着重要意义,但其漠视行政相对人基本权利的做法却明显地与人权保障的时代潮流相违背。从一些国家和地区行政法学理及司法实务对传统特别权力关系理论的批判和修正中看出特别权力理论呈现三方面的发展趋势:特别权力关系的适用范围日渐缩小,特别权力关系相对一方基本权利的限制应当具有法律根据,特别权力关系事项接受司法审查的可能性日渐扩大。

The traditional privilege relation theory is significant to the realizing the aim of administration and maintaining the administrative order, but disregard for human's basic right is in violation against time tendency which protects human's rights. The developmental tendency of privilege relation theory is in three aspects: shrinkage of application scope, legal basis of one party's limit to the other, and extension of possibility of legal censoring.