水声通信网中基于能量平衡的动态路由控制

Dynamic Routing Control Based on Energy Balancing in Underwater Acoustic Networks

针对水声传感器网中一些中继节点因过分使用而过早耗尽能量的问题,提出一种动态路由控制新方法.通过周期性预测出节点的信息产生率,并根据节点当前剩余能量,估计出采用不同路由时节点的生命值.以网络节点的最小生命值为目标函数,借助遗传算法周期性搜索出与最大目标函数值对应的路由,这样的路由就是能平衡各节点能量的最佳路由.仿真结果表明,该方法能避免生命值较小的节点承担过分的中继任务,延长节点生命.

In order to solve the problem that power supply of some relay nodes in underwater acoustic networks is exhausted earlier due to overuse, a new dynamic routing control method is presented. Lifetime of nodes is estimated from prediction of the generated message rate and the remaining power. The least lifetime among all nodes is defined as an objective function. The optimal routing with a maximum objective function value is found by using genetic algorithm, which attempts to achieve uniform consumption of the power. Simulation results show that the proposed method can prevent nodes with less lifetime from being heavily used, therefore effectively increasing their lifetime.