中国稀土矿床成因类型

A STUDY ON THE GENETIC CLASSIFICATION OF RARE EARTH MINERAL DEPOSITS OF CHINA

稀土矿床和稀土矿化地区在地质空间和地质时间的分布方面各有规律。空间上既分布于稳定地区(地台和准地台),亦分布于活动地区(地槽和褶皱系)。在地质时代方面,各造山运动和岩浆活动期都能够成矿,尤以海西期和燕山期矿化规模大,面积广。根据成矿条件,将稀土矿床划分为十种成因类型,即:1)花岗岩、碱性花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、钠长石化花岗岩型;2)碱性岩型;3)火成碳酸岩型;4)矽卡岩型;5)伟晶岩型;6)变质岩和沉积变质碳酸盐岩石型;7)热液交代和热液脉型;8)沉积岩型;9)稀土砂矿型;10)花岗岩类风化壳型。

China is abundant in rare earth mineral jesources. The rare earth ore deposits and mineralization regions are regularly distributed both in geologic space and in geochronologic trme the RE mineral deposits are spreaded 'n stable region (platform of paraplatform) as well as in mobile region (geosyncline or fold system) In any geochronologic unit RE mineral deposits might be formed and, especially, in Hercynian and Yanshan movement they are mineralized in large scale and in vast area. On the bases of RE mineralized condition, the RE mineral deposits in China may be divided into ten genetic types as follows: 1, granities, alkali-granitic, grano-dioritic, and albitized granitie type; 2, alkaline rock type; 3, carbona tite type; 4, skarn type; 5, pegmatite type; 6, inetamorphic rock type and sedimentary-metamo-phic carbonate rock type; 7, hydrothermo-metasomatic and hydrothermal vein type; 8, sedimentary rock type; 9, rare earth placer; 10, deposits in weathered crust of granitic body. Any type mentioned above has its own real occured place