铁合金作业工人癌症的流行病学研究

EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF CANCER AMONG FERROALLOY WORKERS

本文对吉林、重庆等６个铁合金厂１９８０年１月份工资在册的４８３１名男性铁合金作业工人以同铁合金厂在地理位置上相近的四个钢坯初轧厂同期５２６０名工人做对照进行了为期１０年（１９８０年１月１日～１９８９年１２月３１日）的回顾性队列研究。研究结果表明：铁合金作业工人全死因、全癌、肺心病－慢支－肺感染、冠心病、呼循其它和消化系病显著超出对照。全癌中只有胃癌显著超出对照（ＳＭＲ为１７０，Ｐ＜０．０５），这种超出似同职业接触有关，但同铁合金作业类型（矽锰、矽铬、其它铁合金等）无关，肺癌有低量超出（ＳＭＲ为１２２，Ｐ＞０．０５），但同职业接触无关。

A retrospective cohort study was conducted for 4831 male workers registered since January 1980 in the payroll of 6 ferroalloy factories, taking 5260 workers in 4 rough rolling mills located nearby these factories as the control group. The follow-up period is from Jan.1, 1980 to Dec. 31,1989.The results showed that all death causes, all cancers,cardiopulmonary disease, chronic bron chitis, pulmonary infection, cardiovascular disease,and other respiratory and digestive system dis eases of the ferroalloy workers statistically have significant excess risk. The stomach cancer is the only one in excess in all cancers. Its SMR is l70, P<0. 05. This excess seems correlated with the occupational exposure, but is irrelevant in the types of ferroalloy. The risk of lung cancer shows slight excess (SMR 122,P>0.05),but it is irrelevant to the occupational exposure.