摘要
在天然降雨情况下，利用自制自记装置，对油松、侧柏和灌木林的林冠截留降雨过程及截留量进行了观测。结果表明：油松林的截留量最大，灌木林次之，侧伯林最小。年截留率为２０％～３３％，截留强度与降雨强度呈正相关。林冠截留过程表示为：Ｉｔ＝Ｉｃ＋（ｆＩ０兄－Ｉｃ）ｅ－αｔ （ｆ≠０）。用实测数据确定出截留公式的特征值及参数，经检验与实际过程有良好的一致性。
The interception process of rainfall by forest canopy of Pinus tabulaeformis,Platycladus orientalis and shrub was measured by using self-made automatic recording de-vices.The results show that∶interception in Pinus tabulaeformis is the greatest,while that inPlaytcladus orientalis moderate,and the least occurs in shrub land.Annual interception rateis about 20%～33 %.Interception intensity is related to rainfall intensity.The interceptionprocess by forest canopy can be expressed as∶It=Ic+(fI0-Ic)e-αt(f≠0).The characteristic val-ues and parameters were derived from the data of field measurement.The model confonns with practical precess after examination.
关键词
林冠
截留过程
截留率
降雨强度
interception rate
interception quantity
forest canopy
