森林有害生物生态控制

Forest Pest Ecological Control

从森林生物灾害与森林生态系统功能的关系、森林病虫害防治历史、社会对森林病虫害防治策略以及森林经营目标的需求出发,系统化森林有害生物控制策略———生态控制;定义森林有害生物生态控制;分析森林有害生物生态控制的特点、理论基础以及技术基石;认为自然控制论和自组织理论是森林有害生物生态控制的理论基础,森林有害生物生态控制的技术基石是森林生态系统管理;对森林有害生物生态控制遵循的原则进行讨论,包括生态系统原则、协调性原则、生态平衡原则、生态位原则、环境保护原则、协同进化原则、林副产品安全原则、生态系统稳定性原则、生态系统的高功能原则(生产力、经济效益、生态效益、社会效益)、森林生态系统生物灾害的可持续控制原则;对森林有害生物生态控制及其适用条件进行评价。森林有害生物生态控制与森林有害生物综合管理相比具有多项优点,是未来森林有害生物控制的主要方向,具有广阔的前景。

Proceeding from the relation of forest biological disaster and eco-system function, the history of forest diseases and pests control, the strategy of forest pest control and the need of the targets of forest management, the paper defined the concept of Forest Pest Ecological Control （FPEC）, analyzed the characteristics, academic and technological base of FPEC. Natural cybernetics and self-organization theory are the academic bases and forest ecosystem management is technological one. The paper discussed the roles of FPEC, including ecosystem rule, coordination rule, ecological balance rule, niche rule, environmental protection rule, coevolving rule, forestry by-product security rule, ecosystem stability rule, ecosystem high functional rule （high productivity, economic benefit, ecological benefit and social effects） and sustainable control rule of forest ecosystem bio-disaster.And also evaluates the FPEC and its suitable conditions. The authors think that FPEC has unquestioningly many merits compared with Forest Integrated Pest Management and it is the main research direction of forest pest control in the future. The strategy is bound to have a broad prospect.