以不同沥青焦为原料制备活性炭的特性分析

Properties of Activated Carbon Prepared from Different Asphalt Cokes

以沥青焦、煤沥青以及氧化沥青为原料,采用KOH活化法制备高比表面积活性炭.试验分别考察了不同原料及预处理工艺对活性炭孔径分布与比表面积的影响.发现采用不同原料所制备活性炭的孔径分布呈现出正态分布的特点,孔径分布范围介于0～5.0 nm之间,峰的位置介于1.0～1.5 nm附近.活性炭主要由1～1.5 nm范围的微孔构成,大于2 nm的中孔很少.在煤沥青不熔化处理过程中,其挥发分与H/C原子比要适中,挥发分过高与过低均不利于制备高比表面积活性炭.

Activated carbons were prepared from asphalt coke, pitch and oxidated pitch by KOH activation method. The effects of different raw materials and treating processes on the BET surface area and pore distribution of the products were studied. The pore distribution of activated carbons prepared by different raw materials was between 0 - 5.0 nm, and the peaks appeared at 1.0 - 1.5 nm. The activated carbon was mainly composed of micro-pores in the range of 1 - 1.5 nm and meso-pores larger than 2 nm were very few. It was not suitable to prepare activated carbon of high BET surface area from pitch with high volatile matter and low H/C atom ratio, therefore, the content of volatile matter and the H/C atom ratio of the pitch should be controlled during infusibization.