陶瓷润滑研究的发展概况

The Current Research State of the Lubrication of Ceramics

陶瓷是一种具有广阔应用前景的新型工程材料，其以耐高温、耐腐蚀、耐磨损和抗氧化等诸多优点而受到人们的关注，随着高性能陶瓷材料的研制与开发，有关陶瓷摩擦学性能的基础研究也得到了发展。如何有效地润滑陶瓷摩擦副，使其摩擦磨损断裂降低到工程实际所要求的水平，这是陶瓷材料成功地应用于高新技术中的关键。为了推动陶瓷摩擦学研究与应用的发展，对陶瓷润滑近年来的研究进展作了综合介绍与评述。重点论述了水、水基润滑剂、非极性碳氢化合物、添加剂和固体润滑剂等对陶瓷摩擦磨损性能的影响，进而还分析讨论了陶瓷摩擦表面与这些润滑剂之间的摩擦化学作用机理和陶瓷的磨损机理，指出摩擦化学磨损和断裂磨损是陶瓷润滑的主要磨损形式，摩擦化学反应膜和添加剂吸附膜的形成是实现陶瓷摩擦副良好边界润滑的前提条件。基于这些论断，提出了今后陶瓷润滑研究中几个值得重视的课题方向与设想。

Advanced ceramics are promising engineering materials,which have caused increasinginterests due to their superior properties such as high temperature stability,chemical stability and wear resistance.With the development and utilization of high performance ceramics,theirtribological properties have been extensively studied,To establish effective lubrication systems iscrucial to the successful application of ceramic materiais in many advanced technologies.A reviewis given of ceramic lubrication,including effects of water,water-based lubricants,hydrocarbons,additives and solid lubrican ts on the frict ion and wear properties of ceramics, the tribochemicalmechanisms of ceram ics with lubricants as well as the wear mechanisms of ceranllcs。 It is pointed out that tribochemical wear and fracture are major wear modes of lubricated ceramics,theformation of tribochemical films , together with adsorbed films of additives,is a prerequisite forachieving better boundary lubrication。 Finally , some suggestions about the further study on ceramiclubrication are proposed.