玫瑰香葡萄浆果生长发育动态及其变化特点

Dynamics and Characteristics of Berry Growth and Development of Grape (Vitis vinlfera L. cv. Muscat Hamburg)

‘玫瑰香’葡萄浆果生长动态为双Ｓ形曲线，可划分为三个时期。糖酸含量随果实发育呈规律性变化。内源细胞分裂素和脱落酸在浆果各部分含量不同，并与浆果发育密切相关。种子发育初期，粗蛋白的含量最高，以后迅速下降。脂肪的积累主要在浆果发育的缓慢期，并和浆果缓慢期的出现有密切关系。

Berry growth and development of(Vitis vinifera L. cv. Muscat Hamburg) grapevines was carried out during 1988～1990. The berry growth on a fresh weight basis was observed to follow a double sigmoid curve, divided into 3 phases, from 0～30(phaseⅠ), 30～ 59 (phase Ⅱ), and 59～101 days(phase Ⅲ ) after full bloom. The total soluble solutes (TSS) in berries were low in phaseⅠand phaseⅡ,and started to increase sharply from Phase Ⅲ. The titratable acidity(TA)in berries gradually increased until the end of phase Ⅱ,and then decreased sharply at the beginning of ripening. The seed growth curves on both fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) basis all showed a sigmoid course. Fat content in seeds was high, at the beguning of phase Ⅰ, and decreased rapidly, reaching the minimum at the end of phase i. From phase Ⅱ, the fat increased rapidly upto the end of the beginning. Protein content changed with the same trend as that of the fat. Hormone contens were different depend on tissues of a grape berry. ABA content, in tissues, from high to low, was seed, flesh, and exocarp, while zeatin content was the highest in exocarp, lowest in seed, and intermediate in flesh. The hormone content changed with the course of berry development. ABA level was high at early stage, then sharply decreasing during phase Ⅰ, markedly increasing during phase Ⅱ, reaching the maximum at 4 days before veraison, and scowly increasing during phase Ⅲ. Zeatin content increased sharply in phase Ⅰ, and reached the maximum at 22 days after full bloom, while its second Peak existed at 4 days before veraison. Divison of grape berry growth in association with seed development and hormone changes were also discussed.