迪朗及其建筑理论

Durand and His Architectural Theory

学界普遍认为让-尼古拉·路易·迪朗(1760-1834)是19世纪早期法国最重要的建筑理论家之一。他抓住了法国大革命的历史契机,倡导了建筑教育领域的深远变革。他(的理论)聚焦于建筑设计的实用主义和经济意义,动摇了传统建筑教育的理论基础:美观、均衡和象征性。他创建的平面、立面和剖面的形式系统对建筑设计产生了深远影响,使建筑设计成为对称和简洁几何体的选择性的标准化的类型学。

Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand （ 1760-1834） is widely considered to be the most important architectural theorist of early- nineteenth-century France. He seized the occasion- the revolutionary climate in France- to propose far-reaching changes for the teaching of architecture. He focused the practice of architecture on utilitarian and economic value and assailed the rationale for classical architectural training： beauty, proportionality, and symbolism. His formal systematization of plans, elevations, and sections effectively transformed architectural design into a selective modular typology in which symmetry and simple geometrical forms prevailed.