杭州市部分居室室内空气中烷烃、醇、酮的分布

Distribution of Alkone,Alcohol and Ketone of Indoor Air in Some Apartments in Hangzhou

目的探讨杭州市居室空气中烷烃、醇、酮等挥发性有机物的污染现状。方法分别于2002年10-11月、2003年4-5月随机采集杭州市31户居民家庭的居室空气样品共55件,热解吸-气质联用法测定室内空气中的挥发性有机物。结果从杭州市居室空气中共检出烷烃41种,醇11种,酮9种。其中总烷烃平均浓度为24.0967μg/m3,总醇平均浓度为3.6707μg/m3,总酮平均浓度为33.4924μg/m3。正己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷、正壬烷、正癸烷、正十一烷、二甲基丁烷、甲基己烷、丁醇、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、环己酮、丙酮、2-丁酮是居室空气中主要污染物。随着装修时间的延长居室空气中烷烃、醇、酮等挥发性有机物的浓度基本呈下降趋势。在14种烷烃化合物中有10种与室内温度有统计学正相关关系,6种与相对湿度有统计学正相关关系。2种醇与相对湿度均有统计学线性关系。3种酮与相对湿度的相关性显著。结论室内温度的升高有利于烷烃的释放。相对湿度增加主要有利于醇和酮类污染物的释放,也有利于部分烷烃的释放。

Objective To explore the distribution ot alkane, alcohol and ketone in indoor air of some apartments in Hangzbou. Methods 55 air samples were randomly collected from 31 apartments in Hangzbou by Carbotrap 300 air-sampling tube, during October-December, 2002, and April-May, 2003, then the volatile organic compounds in air samples were determined by beat-desorption GC-MS, Results 41 kinds of alkane, 11 kinds of alcohol and 9 kinds of ketone were found in air samples collected from 31 apartments in Hangzbou, average concentration of total alkane was 24,096 7μg/m^3, average concentration of total alcohol was 3,670 7μg/m^3, and average concentration of total ketone was 33,492 4μg/m^3 respectively, The dominant indoor air pollutants were bexane, beptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dimetbylbutane, metbylbexane, n-butanol, cyclobexanone, propanone, 2-butanone. The concentrations of alkane, alcohol and ketone in indoor air of apartments decreased with the time went on after the house decoration finished on the whole, 10 of 14 alkanes showed positive correlation to the temperature, 6 of them to the relative humidity at the sampling points. 2 of 11 alcohols and 3 of 9 ketones showed positive correlation to the relative humidity at sampling points. Conclusion The increasing temperature is the important factor for the release of alkanes in indoor air. The increasing relative humidity is the influence factor for the release of alcohols, ketones, and some alkanes in indoor air.