呼吸机相关性肺炎的高危因素分析及护理对策

目的分析机械通气病人发生呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的高危因素,并提出针对性的护理措施。方法回顾性分析和总结63例机械通气病人发生呼吸机相关性肺炎的情况。结果呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生与病人年龄、通气时间、侵入性操作以及呼吸机管道的消毒管理有着密切的关系。结论加强无菌观念,做好呼吸机管道的消毒管理,加强人工气道的护理和口鼻咽护理,防止误吸等对降低VAP的发生有着重要的意义。

Objective To study the reasons causing the ventilator associated pneumonia （VAP） of the mechanical aeration patients and put forward the pertinent nursing measures, then dropping the incidence of VAP. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on the patients with VAP in the last two years. Result The incidence of the VAP had close relation with the patient＇s age, aeration time, virulence operation and the disinfection management of the ventilator duct. Conclusion The ways for avoiding the incidence of the VAP are as follows ： strengthening the sterile concept, attaching importance to the disinfection of the ventilator duct, emphasizing the nursing of the artificial air passage, mouth, nose and throat and preventing the mistake inhalation.