1992—2002年北京一组队列人群心血管病危险因素变化趋势研究

A cohort study on trends of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Beijing during 1992—2002

目的评价北京地区队列人群1992-2002年10年心血管病危险因素变化趋势.方法于1992年和2002年分别对同一组个体,按照世界卫生组织MONICA方案心血管病危险因素调查方法进行调查.对血压、体重指数、腰围、臀围、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯、血糖、高血压患病率、治疗率和控制率的变化进行比较.结果 (1)1992-2002年相同年龄组(45～54岁和55～64岁)比较心血管病危险因素水平呈显著升高的趋势.(2)1992年理想血压者,2002年有19.0%的人成为高血压患者;正常血压者,45.3%的人成为高血压患者.(3)1992年血脂正常者,2002年有43.8%的人成为血脂异常者.(4)1992年体重指数正常者,2002年有37.0%的人成为超重者;腰围正常者,有43.7%的人成为高腰围者.(5)1992年无代谢综合征者,2002年有14.6%的人成为有代谢综合征者. 结论本队列人群10年心血管病危险因素水平明显上升,其主要危险因素均与生活方式密切相关.改变不良生活方式是控制和减慢主要危险因素上升的速度和减少心血管病发病的关键.

Objective To evaluate the trends of cardiovascular disease（CVD） risk factors between 1992 and 2002 （10 years） in a cohort of Beijing. Methods Two separate surveys were carried out for a cohort （2740 subjects） in 1992 and 2002 according to methods of the WHO MONICA project . Systolic blood pressure （SBP） and diastolic blood pressure（DBP） , body mass index （BMI）, waist circumference （WC） and hip circumference （HC）, serum total cholesterol （TC）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, triglyceride （TG）, glucose, prevalence of hypertension, rate of hypertension treatment and control were compared between 1992 and 2002. Results （ 1 ） Comparisons of the same age groups showed that CVD risk factors increased significantly during the 10 year period from 1992 to 2002. （2） Nineteen percent of the subjects with optimal BP in 1992 became hypertensive in 2002, and 45.3% of normal BP subjects in 1992 became hypertensive in 2002. （3） 43.8% of the subjects with normal blood lipid in 1992 became hyperlipidemia in 2002. （4） 37.0% of the subjects with normal BMI in 1992 became overweight in 2002, and 43. 7% of subjects with normal WC in 1992 became high WC in 2002. （5） 14.6% of the subjects without metabolic syndrome in 1992 became with metabolic syndrome in 2002. Conclusions The levels of CVD risk factors in this cohort increased significantly in a 10 year period from 1992 to 2002. Most of the risk factors were related to unhealthy life styles. To modify unhealthy life style and control the increasing rate of major risk factors are the key to reduce CVD incidence.