急性白血病医院真菌感染易感因素的研究

Susceptible Factors of Hospital Fungal Infection in Acute Leukemia Patients

目的研究急性白血病(AL)患者医院真菌感染易感因素和预防措施。方法回顾调查754例住院AL患者,有51例发生医院真菌感染(6.76%);对其年龄、住院天数、含激素联合化疗方案使用、化疗药使用累计时间、广谱抗生素联合使用时间、白细胞数、血浆白蛋白、侵入性治疗、合并糖尿病、医院真菌感染部位、病原菌进行评估和统计学处理。结果AL患者医院真菌感染率较高;易感因素与年龄、住院天数、含激素联合化疗方案使用、化疗药使用累计时间、广谱抗生素联合使用时间、白细胞数、血浆白蛋白、侵入性治疗、合并糖尿病呈正相关;感染部位以肺部为主,病原体多分布于痰液。结论AL患者易发生医院真菌感染,控制易感因素是预防医院真菌感染的有效方法。

OBjECTIVE To study the susceptible factors and preventive measure of hospital fungal infection in acute leukemia patients. METHODS The clinical materials of 754 patients with acute leukemia were investigated, There were 51 patients occurring hospital fungal infection （6.76%）. Their age, hospitalized days, the combined application of chemotherapy drugs and hormones, the total days of chemotherapy, the total days of combined using broad spectrum antibiotics, the blood leucocyte, the content of plasma albumin, invasive treatment administrations, and the correlated diabetes were collected and evaluated at the same time. RESULTS The incidence of hospital fungal infection was higher in patients with acute leukemia and was related positively to age, hospitalized days, the combined application of chemotherapy drugs and hormones, the total days of chemotherapy, the total days of combined using broad spectrum antibiotics, leukocytopenia, hypoalbuminosis, invasive treatment administrations and the correlated diabetes. The most common induced sites of the hospital fungal infection were lung, pathogenic fungi were most distributed in the sputum. CONCLUSIONS In patients with acute leukemia, the hospital fungal infection is easily induced, so must be paid attention to susceptible factors, in order to effectively prevent hospital fungal infection among patients with acute leukemia.