黑龙江省湿地空间分布规律及其影响因素的定量分析

Quantitative Analysis of the Wetland Distribution Law and Its Influencing Factors in Heilongjiang Province

为了研究黑龙江省湿地分布规律与生态环境因子之间的定量关系,选择对湿地有可能影响的一些地貌因子、水文因子和气候因子,共16个变量,利用SPSS软件的逐步回归分析模型,分别建立了黑龙江省湿地率与经纬度关系的数学模型和湿地率与主要生态环境因子之间的数学模型。结果表明,黑龙江省湿地率随着纬度的增加而增加,东部和西部湿地率较高,而中部相对较低,地貌指数、湿度指数、5～9月份降雨量和最低气温有利于湿地的形成和发育,而≥10℃积温不利于湿地的形成和发育。

The main ecological environment factors of topography, hydrology and climate are quantitatively chosen to analyse the quantitative relationship between wetland distribution law and its influencing factors in Heilongjiang Province, The spatial distribution models of wetland coverage rate and latitude, longitude as well as the mathematic model of wetland coverage rate and the main influencing ecological factors were all developed with stepwise regressive analysis model of SPSS software. Result showed that wetland coverage rate increased with latitude, and it was higher in the west and east and lower in the middle of Heilongjiang Province. The factors of topography, humidity, precipitation （ May to September） , and minimum temperature were advantageous to wetland formation and development, while the ≥ 10 ℃ accumulated temperature was just the reverse.