W型火焰锅炉燃烧问题的分析和解决方法

Analysis and Possible Solutions for the Combustion Problems of Boilers with Arc-firing

W型火焰锅炉是我国大型电站锅炉燃用低挥发份燃料的主要燃烧方式之一。目前,我国运行的W型火焰电站锅炉中普遍存在着炉膛温度控制过高、炉膛结渣或结渣倾向严重、NOx排放过高、过热器超温或汽温偏差、燃用无烟煤燃烧效率不高和某些情况下燃烧不稳定等问题。该文在总结这些问题的基础上,深入分析了问题的根源。分析表明:出现上述问题的根本原因是缺乏一种着火稳燃性能好的适用于燃烧无烟煤、半无烟煤的低NOx燃烧器。对这些问题的解决方法进行了探讨,并以清华大学开发的富集型燃烧器为例,讨论了用优良稳燃型直流燃烧器改善W型火焰锅炉燃烧情况的可行性。

Arc firing is one of the most popular combustion technologies used with boilers in Chinese large power plants burning low volatile fuels. At present, the generic problems met with in operating Chinese utility boilers with are-firing are： too high a furnace temperature, furnaces slagging heavily or with such a tendency, high NO, emission, superheaters overheated or troubled by steam temperature deviations, low combustion efficiency in case of firing anthracite, as well as unstable combustion to be observed under certain conditions. The above-mentioned problems are being optimized and analyzed in detail, which show that the fundamental cause lies in the want of a low NO, burner with stable ignition and good combustion properties for burning anthracite and semi- anthracite coal. Measures for solving these problems are discussed out. Using the Multi-Enrichment Burner （MEB） developed by Tsinghua University as an example, the feasibility of improving combustion conditions in boilers with arc firing by using the impellerless burners with superior combustion stabilizing properties is taken into consideration. Figs 3, tables 2 and refs 16.