针刺对实验性坐骨神经根压迫模型大鼠脑组织中单胺递质的影响

Effects of acupuncture on monoamine neurotransmitters in brain tissue of experimental rat models of sciatic nerve compression

目的:观察针刺对坐骨神经根压迫模型大鼠脑组织中单胺递质水平的影响,探讨针刺对镇痛、促进神经损伤再生修复的作用。方法:实验于2001-03/07在黑龙江中医药大学针灸生理实验室完成。选择Wistar大鼠90只,分为5组,电针治疗组、电针对照组、手针对照组、模型对照组及正常对照组各18只。前4组大鼠均进行坐骨神经根压迫模型制备。①电针治疗组:造模后第3天开始电针治疗,1次/d,每次15min。取穴:双侧L4,L6“夹脊”,患侧“环跳”、“阳陵泉”。进针深度约1cm,轻提插捻转后,针柄接电疗仪。连续波,频率2Hz,电流强度以大鼠腰肌及后肢轻度抖动为度。②电针对照组:取穴:双侧L4～6“夹脊”。余同电针治疗组。③手针对照组:取穴:双侧“肾俞”,患侧“环跳”、“阳陵泉”。采用轻提插捻转手法,不接电疗仪,间隔5min捻针1次,余同电针治疗组。④模型对照组:于造模后第3天开始,每日抓取1次,不做针刺等处置。⑤正常对照组:正常饲养,不做任何处置。各组分别于术后第7,14,28天各麻醉后处死6只大鼠,制备组织匀浆,离心后取上清液测定脑组织中5-羟色胺、5-羟吲哚乙酸及去甲肾上腺素含量应用荧光分光光度法。结果:90只大鼠全部进入结果分析,无脱失。①不同时间点各组大鼠脑组织中5-羟色胺水平的变化:造模后7d,电针治疗组和电针对照组大鼠脑组织中5-羟色胺水平显著高于正常对照组[(190.23±5.05),(170.80±6.99),(150.76±6.65)ng/g(P<0.01,<0.05)]。造模后14d,两电针组5-羟色胺水平进一步提高。至造模后28d,两电针组5-羟色胺水平下降,电针治疗组已接近正常水平(162.51±7.67)ng/g。②不同时间点各组大鼠脑组织中5-羟吲哚乙酸水平的变化:各组大鼠脑组织5-羟吲哚乙酸水平的差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05)。③不同时间点各组大鼠脑组织中去甲肾上腺素水平的变化:造模后7d及14d模型对照组与各针刺组大鼠脑组织中去甲肾上腺素水平均显著高于正常对照组[(35.43±3.08),(36.35±2.62),(36.13±2.63),(34.61±3.26),(30.48±3.18)ng/g;(35.80±3.36),(34.96±2.67),(35.00±3.34),(35.16±3.18),(30.83±2.53)ng/g(P<0.05)],但各针刺组与模型对照组比较差异不明显(P>0.05)。到造模后28d,电针治疗组大鼠脑组织中去甲肾上腺素水平已接近正常,显著低于模型对照组[(31.65±3.53),(34.95±3.11)ng/g(P<0.05)]。结论:①针刺后7～14d产生镇痛效应时,大鼠脑组织内5-羟色胺、去甲肾上腺素水平均增高,但后者与针刺干预无关,可能与造模有关。②随着电针治疗后神经根损伤的修复、疼痛的减轻,5-羟色胺及去甲肾上腺素水平逐渐下降至正常。③电针可以通过对5-羟色胺、去甲肾上腺素的影响和良性调节作用,有效地参与镇痛及神经损伤的修复,促进神经功能的康复。

AIM： To observe the influence of acupuncture on the level of monoamine neurotransmitters in brain tissue of rat models of sciatic nerve compression, and probe into the effect of acupuncture on analgesia and in promoting the regeneration and repair of nerve injury. METHODS： The experiment was carried out in the acupuncture physiological laboratorv of Heilongjiang University c,f Traditional Chinese Medicine between March and July 2001. Ninety Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 18 rats in each group： electroacupuneture treated group, electroacupuncture control group, hand acupuncture control group, model euntrol group and nonnal cnntrol group. Rats in the first 4 groups were made into models of sciatic nerve compression. ① Electroaeupuncture treated group： The rats were treated with electmaeupunelure from the 3Tnd day after model establishment, once a day, 15 minutes for each time. Bilateral L4 and L6 Jiaji acupoiuts, ipsilateral Huantioo and Yanglingquart acupoints were selected. The needle was inserted for about 1 cm, and then the needle handle was connected to the electro-therapeutic apparatus after lifting, thrusting and twirling of needle. Continuous waves were given with the frequency of 2 Hz, the current intensity was judged with the mihl shaking of psoas muscle and hindlimbs of the rats. ② Electroacupuncture control group： Bilateral L4 and L6 Jiaji acupoints were selected, and other treatments were the same as those in the electroacupuncture treated group. ③ Hand acupuncture control group： Bilateral Shenshu aeupoints, ipsilateral Huantiao and Yanglingquan acupoints were selected, the lifting, thrusting and twirling of needle wee used without connecting with eleetrn-therapeutic apparatus, the needle was twirled once every 5 minutes, other treatments were the same as those in tile eleetroaeupuncture treated group. ④ Model control group： The rats were grasped once a day from the 3^nd day after model establishment, and they received no acupuncture treatmcnt. ⑤ Normal eontrol grnup： The rats were fed normally and received not any treatment. Six rats in each group were killed under anesthesia at the 7^th, 14^th and 28^th and 28^th days respectively, tissue homogenate was prepared, and the supernatant was taken after centrifugation to determine the contents of serotorlin, 5-hydroxyindolacetie acid and noradrenaline in brain tissue with fluorospeetrophotometry. RESULTS： All the 90 rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. ① Changes of the level of serotunin in brain tissue at different time points： At 7 days after model establishment, the level of serotonin was significantly higher in the electroaeupuncture treated group and electroacupum＇ture control group than in the normal control group [（190.23±0.05）, （170.80±6.99）. （150.76±6.65） ng/g, P 〈 0.01. P 〈 0.05]. At 14 days after model establishment, the level of serotonin was further increased in the two eleetroacupuneture groups. At 28 days after model establishment, the levels of serotonin in the two electroacupuncture groups began to decreased, and that in the electroaeupuncture treated group was close to the normal level[（162.51±7.67） ng/g]. ② Changes of the level of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid in brain tissue at different time points： There were insignificant differences among the groups （P 〉 0.05）. ③ Changes of the level of noradrenaline in brain tissue at different time points： At 7 and 14 days after model establishment, the level of noradrenaline was significantly higher in the model control group and acupuncture groups than in the normal control group [（35.43±3.08）, （36.35±2.62）, （36.13±2.63）, （34.61±3.26）, （30.48±3.18） ng/g; （35.80±3.36）, （34.96±2.67）, （35.00±3.34）, （35.16±3.18）, （30.83±2.53） ng/g, P 〈 0.05], but there was no significant difference between the acupuncture groups and the model control group （P 〉 0.05）. At 28 days after model establishment, the level of noradrenaline in the electroacupuncture treated group was close to the normal level, and significantly lower than that in the normal control group [（31.65±3.53）, （34.95±3.11） ng/g, P 〈 0.05]. CONCLUSION： ① When analgesia occurred at 7-14 days after acupuncture, the levels of serotonin and noradrenaline in brain tissue were increased, and the latter one was not correlated with acupuncture intervention but with model establishment. ② With the repair of nerve root injury and relief of ache after electroacupuneture treatment, the levels of serotonin and noradrenaline gradually decreased to the normal level. ③ Eleetroaeupuncture can be effectively involved in analgesia, the repair of nerve injury and accelerating the rehabilitation of neurological function through its influence and good regulatory effect on serotonin and noradrenaline.