中国居民饮酒行为现况

THE DRINKING PRACTICE OF PEOPLE IN CHINA

目的:了解我国居民饮酒行为现状,为国家制定相关政策和措施提供科学依据。方法:使用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查数据,分析我国城乡15岁及以上居民159117人的饮酒情况。饮酒信息的收集采用个人健康情况调查表由经过培训的调查员询问获得。结果:我国居民的现在饮酒率为21.0%,男性现在饮酒率为39.6%,明显高于女性的4.5%;城乡居民的现在饮酒率分别为20.9%、21.0%。45～59岁组饮酒率最高。现在饮酒者中18岁之前开始饮酒的比例为8.8%。39.9%的男性和29.5%的女性饮酒者每天或几乎每天饮酒。饮酒主要类型依次为白酒(50.3%)、啤酒和白酒(27.5%)、啤酒(14.1%)。男性现在饮酒者中有58.2%的人平均每次饮用白酒在100～150g,女性中有77.3%的人平均每次饮用白酒在50～100g。结论:我国居民中饮酒是一种普遍的行为,需要进一步探索影响因素,减少饮酒相关问题的发生。

Objective： To analyze the drinking practice of people in China. Method： The data of 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey was used for this study. 159 117 subjects aged 15 years and over were involved. The information on drinking practice was collected using interview-administrated questionnaire. Results： The overall current drinking rate of people in China was 21.0%, 39.6% for male and 4.5% for female, respectively. The current drinking rates in urban and rural areas were 20.9% and 21.0%, respectively. The 45 to 59 years age group reached the highest. The rate of onset age of drinking younger than 18 years old was 8.8% in current drinkers. 39.9% male and 29.5% female current drinkers drank at least once a day. Distilled spirits was the first choice for 50.3% current drinkers. 58.2% male drinkers and 77.3% female drinkers consumed 100--150g and 50--100g distilled spirits, respectively. Conclusion： Alcohol drinking has become a public health problem in China, it is necessary to carry out further surveys to reveal the influencing factors.