浙江B型与一非B型(China-ZHJ-1)烟粉虱形态学和生物学特性的比较研究

A comparative study on the morphological and biological characteristics of the B biotype and a non-B biotype (China-ZHJ-1) of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) from Zhejiang, China

本文对新入侵我国的B型与浙江一非B型(China-ZHJ-1种群)烟粉虱之间的生殖亲和性进行了测定,并对两个生物型在形态特征、发育历期、诱导西葫芦银叶反应及寄主植物适应性几方面进行了比较研究.结果表明,当将B型与非B型ZHJ-1种群进行杂交组合时,两生物型之间虽然有求偶行为发生,但从不发生交配,后代全部为孤雌生殖产下的雄虫;而B型、非B型各自内部羽化后0～72 h的平均交配次数分别为4.4次和1.0次,所产后代的雌雄性比分别为2.8:1、1.0:1,前者性比显著高于后者.两生物型之间伪蛹形态存在明显差异,非B型ZHJ-1种群的前、后蜡缘饰宽度分别为B型的2.5～2.7倍、1.8～2.1倍.在棉花上,除B型1龄若虫历期较非B型的略长外,两生物型之间其他各虫态的发育历期均无显著差异;从2龄若虫起,非B型各虫态的体长明显长于B型,并且同一生物型内,4龄雌性若虫个体明显大于同龄雄性若虫.B型在多种寄主植物上的存活力比非B型的显著要强.B型与非B型ZHJ-1种群生物学特性的比较,为对我国烟粉虱这两个生物型进行深入的比较研究、探讨B型烟粉虱的入侵生物学提供了基础.

Experimental studies were conducted to determine the reproductive compatibility between the newly invaded B biotype and a non-B biotype （China-ZHJ-1 population） of Bemisia tabaci from Zhejiang, China, and to compare their morphological and biological characteristics, including development duration, the ability to cause squash silverleaf and host plant adaptability. Males and females of the two biotypes placed together in various inter-biotype crosses exhibited courtship behavior, but no copulation occurred, and all the offspring were males produced parthenogenetically, whereas the average numbers of copulation event in the first 72 h after emergence for males and females within the B biotype and the non-B biotype were 4.4 and 1.0, and the female/male ratios of the offspring produced by the B biotype and the non- B biotype were 2.8：1 and 1.0： 1, respectively. The two biotypes showed obvious difference in pupal morphology. The width of anterior and posterior wax fringes of the non-B biotype ZHJ-1 population were 2.5-2.7 times and 1.8-2.1 times wider than that of the B biotype. There was no significant difference in development duration between the two biotypes on cotton except that the B biotype had slightly longer development duration for the 1st instar than that of the non-B biotype. From 2nd instar onwards, the body of the non-B biotype was consistently longer than that of the B biotype. Within the same biotype, the body of 4th instar female was significantly longer than that of males of the same age. On several host plants tested, the survival of the B biotype was significantly or substantially higher than that of the non-B biotype. This comparative study on the biology of the B biotype and the non-B biotype ZHJ-1 population provided some basic information for further investigating the two biotypes of B. tabaci in China, especially the invasion biology of the B biotype.