四川凉山地区吸毒人群共用注射器具调查

Survey on sharing injection equipment incidence among drug users in Liangshan of Sichuan province

目的了解四州省凉山彝族自治州吸毒人群共用注射器具发生率的情况.方法于2002年11月以社区招募方式调查该地区吸毒人群的社会人口学特征,首次吸毒、首次注射吸毒和首次共用注射器具时间.结果共调查382名吸毒人员,其中99.5%(380人)的人员曾经注射吸毒,64.7%(247人)的人员曾经共用过注射器具.从首次吸毒到共用注射器具的发生率为13.5/100人年(95%CI=1.8～15.2),在多因素Cox比例风险回归模型中,危险比(HR):民族(HR=1.751,95%CI=1.342～2.286)和首次吸毒时年龄(HR=1.434,95%CI=1.050～1.958)与共用注射器具发生率差异有统计学意义;从首次注射吸毒到共用注射器具的发生率为36.8/100人年(95%CI=32.2～41.4),民族(HR=1.891,95%CI=1.455～2.458)和首次注射吸毒时年龄(HR=1.505,95%CI=1.055～2.146)与共用注射器发生率有统计学意义.结论应针对不同民族和年龄的吸毒人群开展健康教育和行为干预以控制艾滋病病毒的传播.

Objective To estimate the incidence of sharing injection equipment among drug users in Liangshan Yizu Autonomous Region of Sichuan province, China. Methods During November 2002, a community-based survey was conducted to investigate the demographic characteristics, initial time of drug use, first time of injection drug use, and first time of sharing injection equipment among drug users. Results A total of 382 drug users were interviewed and 99.5% （380）of them had ever injected drug, and 64.7% （247/382）of drug users reported sharing of injection equipment at least once. The average incidence of sharing injecton equipment was 13.5/100 person years （95 % CI 11.8～15.2）from initial drug use to sharing of injection equipment. According to the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model, ethnicity（ HR = 1.751, 95 % CI 1.342～2.286）and age of initial drug use （ HR = 1.434, 95 % CI 1.050～1.958） were independently associated with time from initiation of drug use to adoption of sharing equipment. The average incidence of sharing injection equipment was 36.8/100 person years（95 % CI 32.2～41.4）from initial injection drug use to sharing of injection equipment. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression annalysis showed ethnicity（ HR = 1.891, 95 % CI 1.455～2.458 ） and age of first injection drug use to adoption of sharing equipment, respectively. Conclusion In order to prevent HIV transmission among drug suers in Liangshan, Sichuan province, health education and behavior intervention should be enhanced for adolescents and minority people.