猪流感分子流行病学及免疫预防研究进展

The Molecular Epidemiology and Vaccination of Swine influenza

猪流感是世界性流行的呼吸系统传染病之一,当与其他病原混合感染时会造成更严重的损害。它的免疫机制主要为黏膜免疫和体液免疫,滴鼻和肌肉注射都能产生高效的免疫应答。当前流行的猪流感病毒亚型主要为H1N1、H1N2和H3N2,常用的疫苗都是灭活苗。因为猪流感病毒亚型较多、抗原易发生变异和可在种间传播,给流感疾病的预防乃至人类的健康带来很多挑战。核酸疫苗、合成肽苗和基因工程苗的研究为猪流感的预防提供了广阔前景。

Swine influenza is a kind of respiratory system infectious disease taking place all of the world and it would result in more severe lesion while the host is infected with both Influenza virus and other patho- gens simultaneously. Vaccination both by respiratory tract and injection can induce high immune response, however mucosal response is the major pattern. The popular subtypes include H1N1,H1N2, H3N2. We have to face many disadvantages to remove the disease because of its multi-subtype variable property. Inactive vaccine was used to prevent swine from infection in present but nucleic acid vaccines, mult-piptides vaccine and recombinant vaccine are being searched for clearing the disease.