老年人体育锻炼及其对抑郁障碍的影响

Physical exercise of older adults and its effect on depression

目的探讨老年人体育锻炼与抑郁障碍的现状、特点及体育锻炼对抑郁障碍的影响。方法采用《简明老年人抑郁量表》与自编《老年人体育锻炼量表》抽样调查宁波市三类不同生活环境(公共场所、社区及医院)的270名老年人。结果老年人抑郁障碍发病率较高,三类被试的体育锻炼态度及抑郁程度均存在显著性差异;锻炼态度较冷淡、次数较少、时间较短、伙伴较少、锻炼后感觉较累者的抑郁程度较高,反之,抑郁程度较低。结论体育锻炼是预防、减轻和克服老年人抑郁障碍的重要途径。

Objective To explore the current status of physical exercise of older adults and its effect on depression. Methods 270 subjects from three living strata （public, community and hospital） were randomly investigated by the Geriatric Depression Scale-short form （GDS-s） and the self-designing Geriatric Exercise Scale. Results Older adults had a higher risk of suffering from depression. There were significant differences between attitudes and prevalence rates among the subjects in three environments. Exercises had significant influence on older adults＇ depression, with the more negative attitude, less frequency, shorter exercising time, less companions, worse feeling after doing exercises, the more serious of one＇s depression. The demographic variables had also significant influence on both exercise and depression of older adults. Conclusion Doing exercise is one of the important measures to prevent, reduce and overcome depression of older adults.