电子废弃物回收拆解业工人健康调查

Investigation of the Health of Electronic Waste Treatment Workers

目的了解从事电子废弃物回收拆解业人群的健康状况,探讨电子废弃物对人体可能的危害。方法选择汕头市贵屿镇5个从事电子废弃物回收拆解业的自然村作为调查点,对226名电子废弃物回收拆解业工人(拆解业组)及172名非电子废弃物回收拆解人员(对照组)进行健康调查。结果拆解业组人员头痛头晕(47.7%)、皮疹瘙痒(15.0%)、恶心(11.1%)、失眠(9.7%)、记忆力下降(5.3%)、鼻塞(5.3%)、结膜充血(4.8%)等症状与体征的发生率高于对照组,且有工种差异。电路板回收处理组中,失眠发生率随工作年限的增长有上升的趋势(r=0.998)。结论不科学的电子废弃物回收拆解方式对从业人员健康有一定影响。

Objective To understand the health of the electronic waste （e-waste） treatment workers and the adverse effects of e-waste on the workers engaged in e-waste dismantlement. Methods Health states were assessed by questionnaire investigation on 226 e-waste dismantlement workers and 172 non e-waste dismantlement workers （control group）. Results The prevalence rates of headache/vertigo（47.7%）, tetter/itch （15.0%）, nausea（11.1%）,insomnia（9.7%）, hypomnesia （5.3%）, nasal obstruction（5.3%） , and coujunctiva congestion（4.8%） in e-waste dismantlement workers were significantly higher than that in the control group, and it seemed that the severity of the symptoms was strongly related to the type of work. Furthermore, there was a tendency that rate of insomnia raised with the length of service in the circuit boards dismantlement group. Conclusion E-waste dismantlement will produce adverse effects on health of the employed workers.