改水 改厕 以机代牛综合措施控制血吸虫病效果观察

Observation on comprehensive measures of safe treatment of night-soil and water supply, replacement of bovine with machine for schistosomiasis control

目的评价改水、改厕、以机代牛综合措施控制血吸虫病的效果。方法在湖沼型的贵池、水网型的枞阳和山丘型的桐城血吸虫病流行区各选择自然环境和流行程度相接近的2个行政村, 一个村实施改水、改厕、以机代牛综合治理措施,另一个村实施一般防治措施,比较其控制血吸虫病和其他肠道寄生虫病的效果。结果实施综合治理措施的3个村,2年后贵池和枞阳试验村人群血吸虫感染率分别下降了46．26％、58．95％,桐城试验村2年均未查到粪检阳性病人;其他肠道寄生虫感染率3个试验村分别下降了85．58％、77．36％、68．41％。实施一般防治措施的3个村,2年人群血吸虫感染率贵池试验村上升了19．72％,枞阳试验村下降了27．32％,桐城试验村发现1例新感染病人;其他肠道寄生虫感染率贵池试验村上升了152．17％,桐城试验村下降了30．22％,枞阳试验村下降了55．09％。结论改水、改厕、以机代牛综合措施能有效控制血吸虫病和肠道寄生虫病流行。

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive measures of safe treatment of night-soil and water supply, replacement of bovine with machine for schistosomiasis control. Methods Six villages in which two villages were similar in general situation in marshland, water net and hilly endemic areas in Guichi, Zongyang, Tongcheng respectively, were selected as study areas, The comprehensive measures of safe treatment of night-soil and water supply, and replacement of bovine with machine were carried out in three villages, and general control measures were carried out in other three villages. The effect on schistosomiasis control, as well as other parasitic diseases was investigated and compared each other. Results The three villages which carried out comprehensive measures for two years, the schistosome infection rates of people decreased by 46.26% and 58.95% at Guichi and Zongyang pilots respectively, there was no positive case in Tongcheng pilot. The infection rates of parasites decreased by 85. 58%, 68.41%, 77.36% at Guichi,Tongcheng and Zongyang pilots respectively. The three villages which carried out general control measures, the schistosome infection rates increased by 19. 72% in Guichi, and decreased by only 27. 32% in Zongyang County, and there was one new infected case in Tongcheng. The infection rates of parasites increased by 152.17% in Guichi and decreased by 30.22% and 55.09% respectively in Tongcheng and Zongyang. Conclusion and water supply, replacement of bovine and parasitosis effectively. The comprehensive measures of safe treatment of night-soil with machine can control the prevalence of schistosomiasis