国外海洋深水油气勘探发展趋势及启示

Development Trends and Their Inspiration of Oversea Deep Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration

海洋石油资源潜力巨大,已成为世界各大石油公司竞争的一个热点领域,近年油气新发现中较大的发现主要位于海上,海洋石油储量和产量所占的份额呈不断增加的趋势十分明显。目前,海洋油气勘探开发范围已从浅海、半深海延伸到深海。海上的油气勘探开发与陆上相比,有着自己的特点,特别是在地震技术方面,如海上现在已广泛使用三维地震技术、多维多分量等;井筒技术也比陆上发展要快些,主要使用长距离水平钻井及分支水平井钻井技术等。这些对于我国海上油气田勘探开发具有很好的借鉴作用。另外,由于海洋石油勘探是高科技、高风险、高投入的业务,我国海洋油气勘探必须以大型圈闭为评价目标,立足于寻找大油气田。

The potential of petroleum resource is enormous in ocean. In recent years, major new discoveries of large oil and gas fields are discovered in offshore region. Petroleum reserves and production offshore fields are increasing quickly. The offshore region becomes the hotspot that worldwide petroleum companies are competing in. The scope of offshore exploration and development has been extended the deep water area from shallow sea and bathyal sea. Technologies of offshore petroleum exploration are different from that of onshore because of their covering, for instance, 3D and multicomponent seismic survey are used mainly offshore. Newer well bore technologies, as well as seismic, are adopted preferentially offshore such as long-distance horizontal drilling and multilateral horizontal drilling technologies. These will give us some inspirations in several aspects of offshore exploration and production. In addition, due to offshore exploration needs advanced technology, high risks and more investment, Chinese offshore exploration will focus on the large traps and oil-gas fields.