创新中的思维自由

Freedom of Thinking in Creativity

人类的创新活动包括实践创新和理论创新。实践创新是理论创新的基础,理论创新是实践创新的先导。两种创新活动的源头都是思维创新,而思维创新又发源于思维自由。在认识论上,自由可以分为“前必然”自由和“后必然”自由。我们平常所说的自由,是“后必然”自由,即认识必然性之后的自由。创新中的自由是“前必然”自由,是认识必然性之前的自由,它不是按照必然性来行动,因而不受已被认识了的必然性和经验的制约。实现对必然性和经验的超越,是思想自由的基本任务。

Man＇s creativity is composed of practical creativity and theoretical creativity, the former being the basis of the latter while the latter is the precursor of the former. However, both of them have as their source the creativity in thinking, which in turn results from freedom of thinking. Epistemologically, freedom could be divided into “pre-necessity” freedom and “post-necessity” freedom. The freedom in creativity belongs to “pre-necessity” freedom, that is, freedom prior to one＇s knowledge of necessity, which means that it does not succumb to necessity and experience already acknowledged. Actually transcendence over necessity and ex- perience is the basic task of freedom of thinking.