材料力学性能检测虚拟实验的设计和开发

Design and Realization of Virtual Experiment for Material Mechanical Performance Testing

针对传统材料实验教学的种种弊端,将虚拟现实技术运用到材料实验教学当中,使教学过程具有交互性好,实验沉浸感强的特点。介绍了基于VRML的材料力学性能检测虚拟实验的设计思想和设计原理,对关键技术进行了阐述和分析。采用Pro/E、3DS MAX建立拉伸机、冲击机,疲劳试验机、压缩机、带表卡尺等实验仪器、工具的三维模型,并将其转换成VRML格式。然后通过VRML的事件路由机制实现了材料力学性能检测实验的全过程,如拉伸实验中,包括试样的测量、加载,拉伸过程的实现和曲线实时生成。作为材料实验教学的辅助工具,使学习过程形象化,充分发挥学生主观能动性,培养创新意识和解决工程问题能力。

Aimed at the multitudinous abuse of traditional material experiment education, the teaching process could be more interacted and immersed by using the virtual reality technology, The design idea and elements of a VRML-based virtual experiment for material mechanical performance testing is introduced. The key technology is analysed and expatiated. After establishment of the 3D models of the experimental equipments and tools such as stretching machine, vernier calipers and concussion machine by Pro/E ＆ 3D MAX software, they are transformed to VRML files. Then the whole process of the experiment is realized by the event routing mechanism of VRML, which provides automatic transformation from static VRML file to a dynamic interactive virtual file. In stretching experiment for example, it includes sample measuring, sample loading, stretching process realizing and curve real-time drawing. As an important teaching-assistant method, it visualizes the study process, promotes student＇s abilities of initiative, creativity and problem solving.