中国农业生产率增长、技术进步与效率变化：1990～2003年

Productivity Growth,technical Progress and Efficiency Change in Chinese Agriculture:1990-2003

本文运用非参数的Malmqusit指数法，研究了1990—2003年期间中国农业全要素生产率及其构成的时序成长和空间分布特征。结果表明，1990—2003年期间中国农业全要素生产率年均增长2．59％，其中，农业技术进步指数年均增长5．48％，而农业效率变化指数反而年均下降2．78％。从各省区情况看，测算的29个省、自治区和直辖市中除云南、内蒙古、上海、贵州和西藏的农业全要素生产率是负增长外，其它24个省、自治区和直辖市的农业全要素生产率都实现了正增长。从构成上看，绝大多数省区呈现出农业技术进步与农业效率损失并存的局面。

This study uses nonparametric Malmquist procedures to investigate the temporal and spatial nature of productivity growth and its components in Chinese agriculture over the period 1990-2003.The results of this study indicate that total factor productivity grew at 2.59% annually with technical change augmenting the growth by 5.48% while efficiency change reduced productivity growth by 2.78%.For all provinces,5 out of a total of 29 province experienced productivity regression while the rest showed productivity growth.The decomposition result also shows that there was the coexistence of improvement in technical change and retardation in efficiency change.