充分考虑河流生态系统保护因素 完善水库调度方式

Taking eco-system protection into fully consideration and improving reservoir regulation process

长江流域现行水库调度方式主要分为防洪调度与兴利调度,现行的水库管理制度和调度运行模式,主要是处理、协调防洪和兴利的矛盾以及兴利任务之间的利益。从河流生态系统保护的角度看,现行调度方式主要存在两方面的问题,一是大多数的水库调度方案没有考虑坝下游生态保护和库区水环境保护的要求,二是缺乏对水资源的统一调度与管理。从三峡水库调度运行面临的问题和沱、岷江流域梯级开发及水库调度存在的问题看,完善水库调度方式非常必要,本文提出基本思路和对策。

Reservoir regulation process in the Yangtze River Basin is mainly divided into two types of flood regulation and initiating benefit regulation. The present reservoir management system and operation mode are mainly for dealing with or coordinating the contradiction of flood control and benefit initiation as well as benefit distribution among various beneficial functions. From the view point of river coo-system protection, the current regulation mode has two kinds of problems： firstly, most of the reservoir regulation plans do not consider eco-system protection at downstream of dams and needs of environment protection in reservoir areas; secondly, integrated regulation or management of water resources is ignored. The necessity of improving reservoir regulation mode and basic consideration or measures arc put forward, bearing problems faced by regulation of the Three Gorges Reservoir and issues related to cascade development and regulation in Tuojiang and Minjiang River Basins in mind.