法国二元论体系中的故意

The Intention in the French Dualism System

法国1994年新刑法典规定“无实行重罪或轻罪之故意,即无重罪或轻罪”,从而首次将故意提升到总则的高度,并确定了以惩罚故意为原则,惩罚过失为例外的政策。本文从故意在法国的“行为-行为人”二元论体系中的位置入手,分析了故意的内容、类别及犯罪的特殊样态中的故意,展现出法国不同于其他大陆法系国家的独特的犯罪故意理论,并在结论中指出法国刑法理论研究的实用主义对我国的借鉴作用。

French new criminal code （1994） prescribed that ＂There is no felony or misdemeanor without the intention to execute them＂, which first upgraded ＂intention＂ to the level of general provisions of criminal law, end establishod the policy to punish intention as principle and to punish negligence as exception. This paper proceeds with position of ＂intention＂ in French dualism system centering on acts and actors, making analysis d the content, dassificatien as well as the abnormal state of intention in cfimes. It introduces the differences between French theory of criminal intention and those of other countries where continental law system is adopted. It also concludes that the pragnmatism in the study of French criminal law theory could be ased for reference in China.