自然资源丰裕程度与经济发展水平关系的研究

An Empirical Study of A Linkage Between Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Development

“资源的诅咒”是经济学中的一个经典假说,但这一命题在一国内部不同地区是否成立尚缺乏验证。本文以中国的省际面板数据为样本,对这一假说进行了实证检验。计量结果显示,该命题在我国内部的地区层面同样成立,多数省份丰裕的自然资源并未成为经济发展的有利条件,反而制约了经济增长。自然资源的丰裕以及对这种资源的依赖,主要是通过资本投入的转移机制制约了经济增长,劳动投入的转移机制也存在这种效应,但不如前者显著。本文选择山西为典型省份,进一步揭示“资源的诅咒”的作用机制。结果表明,密集而过度的资源开采引致的制造业衰退和制度弱化是制约经济增长的主要原因。

＂Curse of Resources＂ is a classic hypothesis in economics, but it is not tested whether the hypothesis still holds in different regions within a country.This paper carries out an empirical study on such a hypothesis based on the Chinese provincial data and finds supporting evidence. The findings reveal that the abundant natural resource is not a favorable factor of economic development, but frustrates economic growth. Natural resource exerts harmful impacts on economic growth through the channel of capital inputs. There is also a channel of labor inputs, but this effect is less significant than the former. Moreover, we try to discover transmission mechanisms of the curse through an example of Shanxi Province. From this example, we can see the decline of manufacturing and weakness of institution caused by resources exploitation limit economic growth.