清末民初北京地区的社会变迁与慈善组织的转型

Research on the Charities of the Beijing Area at the Time from the End of Qing Dynasty to the Beginning of the Republic of China

北京地区的传统慈善组织在清末民初发生重大变化:数量上呈现较大幅度的增长趋势;救助功能方面普遍地由施养向教养转化;操作管理方式逐渐走上联合统一的道路。这些变化与北京地区在近代所具有的典型社会特征有着密切联系,因此一定程度上本文是对慈善事业研究的一种区域性探索。

The traditional charitable institutions of the area of Beijing had undergone a significant transformation at the time from the end of the late Qing dynasty to the beginning of the Republic of China, such as that the charities increased numerically, the way of relieving transferred from the simple relieves （food, money, clothes etc） into the fundamental relieving （teaching skills and knowledge etc）, the management of the charities tended gradually to combine together. This research attaches the importance to the social characteristics of Beijing area in the modem times and its particular influence on the others. Accordingly it is a useful research on the charities from the regional angle.