产后家庭角色适应状况调查研究

A Survey on the Role Adaptation of Family After Childbirth

目的了解产后家庭角色的适应情况,并探讨可能影响家庭角色适应的因素。方法采用自行设计的问卷对初产妇及其丈夫在角色认同、亲子依附的建立及照顾行为的实施三方面进行问卷调查。结果调查对象角色适应情况总体良好。初产妇及其丈夫在与新生儿进行语言沟通、抚触等亲子依附行为以及在购置婴儿用品、为新生儿换尿布、为新生儿洗澡三方面照顾行为的适应情况相对薄弱。良好的夫妻关系有助于产后家庭角色认同(t=2.04,P<0.05),计划妊娠有助于产后家庭全面的角色适应(t=3.51、2.64、2.64,均P<0.01);对新生儿性别满意的家庭在角色认同(t=3.51,P<0.01)和亲子依附的建立(t=2.21,P<0.05)方面适应较好。结论产科护理工作者应根据产后家庭成员角色适应情况,有针对性地加强住院期间的健康教育及产后家庭随访,以促进家庭角色的适应。

Objective To examine the role adaptation of family after delivery and the factors that may affect the role adaptation of family members. Methods Self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate the role identity, the building of parent-infant attachment identification, and care behavior in primiparas and their husbands （n = 160）. Results Our results showed that the overall adaptation to their new roles was good. The scores in attachment behavior （language communication, touching etc） and care behaviors （buying things for infants, diaper-changing for babies and baby-ba thing ete） were relatively low. Good couple relationship（t = 2.04, P〈20.05 ） and appropriate pregnancy lime（t = 3.51, 2.64,2.64,P〈0.01 for all） will help family to adapt to their new roles at the postpartum period, and the satisfaction to the sex of the neonate will affect such adaptation（t = 3.51,P〈.0. 01;t= 2.21, P〈0.05）. should provide indivisualized health education during hospital stay and pay home visits to the n to help them adapt to their new roles. Conclusion The nurses ew mothers and fathers