国际空港的大区位及其规划布局问题——以广州新白云机场为例

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT LOCATION AND PLANNING ——A Case Study of New White Clouds Airport in Guangzhou

国际空港是现代化大都市的一个重要标志。我国沿海一些重要的大都市正在规划建设新的国际机场。特别在我国超大城市群地区和城镇密集区,例如在珠三角超大城市群区的广州与深圳。本文以广州新白云国际机场为例,对国际空港的发展背景、区位选择、布局原则、机场现代化设施以及机场与城市总体布局的互动发展的关系等关键问题,进行尝试性的探索,孜求更多学者对此问题研究的兴趣。

International airport is an important symbol of a modernized metropolis. Many metropolises are planning to construct international airports. Especially in the Super Urban Agglomeration of China and the Dense City and Town Areas, for example, the Pearl River delta Urban Agglomeration. International airport has the modernized airdrome facility and the international space location superiority, which adapts to the national economic scale. She is one of the most important symbols of national modernization, also is the most concrete manifestation of spatial characteristics for a modernized international metropolis. The international airport is important aviation hinge for the world economics and society development highly and the industrialization society＇s supporting network, and also is the important gathering center and junction in some important countries and large areas with the whole globe economic integration. Under the background of the economic globaiization, the new characteristics of industrialization, urbanization and internationalization in our country increasingly reveal. Along with the expansion of international market, between countries the flowing amount of passengers, goods and information increases continually. Between the cities economic function changes from the vertical division of labor into the level division of labor primarily, which has accelerated construction and expansion of the international airport. For recent 10 years besides international airports in Beijing and Shanghai our country has constructed and expanded White Clouds Airport in Guangzhou, Taoxian Airport in Shenyang, Lukou Airport in Nanjing and Xiaoshan airport in Hangzhou and so on, which is precisely our positive effect and the long term demand that adapt to the globalization development tendency and the internationalization. This paper takes New White Clouds Airport in Cruangzhou as an example to discuss the developing background, location selection, planning principle, modernized facilities of international airport and the interaction between international airports and the master planning of metropolis, and tries to arouse the interests in this field. As a complex system, the urban transportation system has been analyzed, and then from a new viewpoint an image model of urban system structure is introduced, and from the viewpoint of a complex system the basic characteristics, such as objectiveness, incidence, environment and dynamic ability, have been discussed.