刻板印象内容模型:理论假设及研究

The Stereotype Content Model and Its Researches

介绍了刻板印象内容模型(SCM)的来源、理论假设和在美国与欧洲(个人主义文化)、东亚(集体主义文化)样本中的实证研究。SCM假设:(1)用热情和能力区分不同群体的刻板印象;(2)对外群体的刻板印象是混合的;(3)高社会地位群体被刻板为具有高能力,竞争性群体被刻板为缺乏热情;(4)刻板印象中存在参照群体偏好和外群体贬抑。在比较和评价SCM与其他理论的基础上,提出了刻板印象内容研究进一步细化和扩展的方向。

The paper introduced and gave comments on the original, theoretical hypotheses and its key empirical studies of the stereotype content model （SCM）. SCM was brought into social psychology by Fiske, Cuddy, Glick ＆ Xu（2002,2003,2004）, respectively tested in samples from U.S.（individualistic）, European（individualistic） and East Asian（collectivist）. SCM proposed systematic principles of societal stereotypes and their relation to social structure, it hypothesized cross-cultural similarities： （a） perceived warmth and competence reliably differentiate societal group stereotypes; （b） many outgroups receive evaluatively mixed stereotypes; （c） high-status groups stereotypically are competent, and competitive groups stereotypically lack warmth. （d） there exists reference groups favoritism （ingroups and societal prototype groups） and outgroup derogation in the stereotypes.