清代甘肃书院时间分布特点成因分析

An Analysis of Time Distribution Features of Gansu Academy of Classical Learning in Qing Dynasty

在清代书院高度官学化的大背景下,甘肃实现了书院教育的普及,从省会到各府州县,甚至有些乡村,都有了书院教育。甘肃书院的发展大致经历了准备、兴盛、回落、中兴和废止几个阶段。甘肃书院的发展一方面折射着清廷文教政策和国内时局的变化,同时也受甘肃本土条件的制约和影响。甘肃书院的发展和全国书院发展不相一致,因此可以说,甘肃是清代书院发展中一个非代表性地区。

In the background of academy of classical learning run by imperial government, its education was popularized in Gansu, from the provincial capital to the counties, where the acactemies were established. The development of academy of classical learning can be divided into five phases： preparation, prosperity, subsidiary, resurgence, abolishment. The development of academy in Gansu reflected the change of education policy in imperial government, and was influenced by the local conditions. Besides, the development of academy in Gansu was not in accord with the development of academy in the other parts of the country. Thus, Gansu academy of classical learning in Qing Dynasty was non-representative.