合肥市1991～2004年性病流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis on Sexually Transmitted Diseases from 1991 to 2004 in the City of Hefei

目的分析合肥市1991～2004年性传播疾病(STD)的流行趋势及特点,为制定有效的防治对策提供科学依据。方法以14年来8种报告STD疫情资料为依据,进行流行病学分析。结果14年来8种监测STD均有报告,累计报告102237例,男女分别占56.62%和43.38%,STD平均年发病率为177.66/10万。20～49岁为高发年龄段,占95.29%。文化程度历年均以中学文化程度为主;职业分布历年来均以工人多见,平均占30.38%;传播途径主要是非婚性接触传播,占67.54%;梅毒的发病情况主要为一、二期传染性最强的病例多见,分别占46.20%和48.96%。结论合肥市STD发病呈增长趋势。发病率最高的病种是淋病、非淋菌性尿道炎(NGU)、尖锐湿疣和梅毒。在重点人群中普及STD防治知识、提倡安全性行为,不仅可以遏制性病高发,也是预防HIV/AIDS感染的重要环节。

Objective The present study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological trends and characteristics of sexually transmitted diseases （STD） and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective strategies for the prevention and control of the diseases. Methods Epidemiological analysis was done on the epidemic data on 8 kinds of reported STD in 14 years. Results The 8 kinds of STD in surveillance were all seen in the epidemic reports in 14 years, during which a cumulative total of 102 237 cases was reported with an average annual incidence of 177.66/lakh, males and females accounting for 56.62% and 43.38%, respectively. Individuals aged from 20 to 49 years constituted a high proportion of all STD cases （95.29%）. Most of the cases only had a middle school education and in terms of occupation workers constituted a major proportion accounting for 30.38% of all the patients. The unlawful sexual contact was a major route of transmission of STD （67.54%）. The cases of syphilis were mostly at stage Ⅰ （46.20%） and Ⅱ （48.96%） when infectivity of the disease is very high. Conclusion The incidence of STD in Hefei presented an increasing trend. The incidence of gonorrhea, NGU, condyloma acuminata and syphilis is highest. Popularization of the knowledge of STD prevention and control, and promotion of safe sexual behaviors among high-risk population are conducive to the prevention of HIV/AIDS as well as STD.