民族志文本与“真实”叙事

Ethnography Text and Authentic Narration

以“真实”为标识的传统民族志建立在认识对象符合现实对象的预设之上。由民族志文本中存在的素材与文本相混淆的问题,以及“我”和“他”的叙事视角与聚焦、主位和客位、我性和他性等的分析,则深刻展现了叙事人必然对对象进行重构的本质特征。由此,在整体性关联中,揭示了社会无非是一系列叙事的存在,是实践中的话语使之得以表述并成为可能。而理论的真正价值,或许正在于由持续的自我批判而带来的反思性。

Traditional ethnography,which is based on the hypothesis that cognitive object accords with real object,claims authentication as its mark.This paper profoundly indicates the essential feature that narrator reconstructs his(her) object inevitably,by analyzing the confusion between fibula and text,narrative focalizations and perspectives between I and He,emic and etic,and the characters of I and He.It manifests that the society just had been defined by a series of narrations as a whole.It is the discourse in practice that describes the society and make it probable.And maybe,the real value of theory lies in the introspection which comes from continual self_criticism.