影视片干预减轻机采血小板捐献者焦虑及疼痛的研究

Research on Personal Film Intervention in Apheresis Platelet Donors for Alleviation of Ache and Anxiety

目的研究用捐血者个人喜爱的影视片干预减轻机采血小板捐献者在捐血过程中焦虑、血压、心率及静脉穿刺疼痛的作用。方法将286名机采血小板捐献者随机分成观察组和对照组。观察组带耳机通过DVD观看选定的影视片。对照组不观看影视片。在捐血过程中,以状态-特质焦虑问卷的状态焦虑分量表,对两组分别进行测试,同时记录心率、血压及静脉穿刺疼痛值。结果干预前两组的心理、生理指标无显著性差异。干预后观察组和对照组焦虑评分分别为(35.65±7.59)分和(43.22±9.50)分、收缩压(15.34±0.85)kPa和(15.61±1.18)kPa、舒张压(10.32±0.53)kPa和(10.44±0.40)kPa、心率(72.43±8.15)次/min和(74.29±7.15)次/min及疼痛值(1.97±1.54)分和(2.30±0.67)分。两组5项指标相比,均有显著性差异,P<0.05。结论观看影视片可以明显减轻机采血小板捐献者捐血过程中的焦虑及疼痛反应,且对捐献者的血压、心率有正性影响。

Objective To investigate the effects of personal film intervention in the apheresis platelet donors on anxiety and pain caused by vein phlebotomy during donating. Methods The authors randomly divided the 286 apheresis platelet donors into test group and control group. Donors in the test group watched selected DVDs with earphone and donors in the control group wore the earphones with no DVDs. ALL the 286 donors were required to complete the scaling questionnaires before and after donations. The score of anxiety, physiological reaction and ache during vein phlebotomy were recorded. Results The scores in test group with the intervention and in control group were 35.65±7.59 and 43.22±9.50 for anxiety, （15.34±0.85） and （15.61±1.18）kPa for systolic pressure, （10.32±0.53） and （10.44±0.40）kPa for diastolic pressure, （72.43±8.15） and （74.29±7.15） times per minute for heart rate, 1.97±1.54 and 2.30±0.67 for ache scores respectively. There were significant differences in all 5 items between the test group and the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Personal film intervention can alleviate anxiety and ache significantly for apheresis platelet donors and have a positive influence on blood pressure and heart rate.