未婚流动人口性与生殖健康知识性别差异分析

Gender difference of sexual and reproductive helth knowledge among male and female unmarried migrants in Shanghai city

目的了解不同性别15～24岁未婚流动人口的性与生殖健康知识状况及影响因素。方法采用结构式匿名问卷对上海市长宁区1092名15～24岁未婚流动人口进行自填式调查。结果男性与女性未婚流动人口的性与生殖健康知识水平均较低，总得分中位数分别为53．2和30．5，男性各分类知识得分均高于女性，中位数差值在20分以上。不同性别对象的艾滋病和性病知识得分都高于性生理知识和避孕知识。影响不同性别知识得分的共同因素为受教育程度、是否单独外出打工、是否接受过学校性教育以及是否与他人交流过性知识。此外，男性的性知识还与年龄及是否看过色情录像有关，女性的性知识还与原居住地、月收入、与谁同住、是否主动问过父母性相关问题及与媒体接触时间有关。结论为未婚流动人口提供生殖健康教育与服务应考虑性别差异。

Objective To understand the sexual and reproductive health（RH） knowledge statues of male and female unmarried migrants aged 15-24 and its influencing factors. Methods 1 092 unmarried migrants aged 15- 24 were investigated with anonymous self-administered questionnaire in Changning District, Shanghai, Results The knowledge scores of male and female unmarried young migrants were rather low with the median score being of 53.2 and 30.5, respectively. Males ad more knowledge, with the median score higher than that of females by over 20. Whether they were males or females, the knowledge of sexual physiology and contraceptives was lower than that of sexually transmitted disease（STD） and HIV/ AIDS. Knowedge scores of both males and females were positively influenced by education level, going out to work alone, having received sexual educationg at school and having communicated sexual knowledge with others. When looking at gender disparity, for males, age and having watched pmographic videos were also positively associated with knowlege. In contrast, for females, former residence（urban/rural）, income per month, living with lovers, having communicated sexual knowledge with parents and media wree positively associated with knowledge. Conclusion The differences of sexual knowledge and related factors between males and females should be considered when sexual and RH education and services are provided to unmarried young migrants.